Question

1. choose the best answer. refer to the periodic table.

what is the electron configuration for germanium?
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p¹
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p²

1. choose the best answer. refer to the periodic table.

what is the shorthand electron configuration for germanium?
ar 4s²3d⁸
ar 3d⁷4s²
ar 4s²3d¹⁰4p²
kr 4d¹⁰5s²5p²

Explanation:

Step1: Determine the atomic number of germanium

Germanium (Ge) has an atomic number of 32. This means it has 32 electrons.

Step2: Analyze each electron - configuration option for question 15

• For \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{1}\), the sum of electrons is \(2 + 2+6 + 2+1=13\) (not 32).
• For \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{10}\), the sum of electrons is \(2 + 2+6 + 2+6+2 + 10=30\) (not 32).
• For \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{5}\), the sum of electrons is \(2 + 2+6 + 2+5 = 17\) (not 32).
• For \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{2}\), the sum of electrons is \(2+2 + 6+2+6+2+10 + 2=32\)

Step3: Analyze each electron - configuration option for question 16

• Argon (\(Ar\)) has 18 electrons.
• For \([Ar]4s^{2}3d^{8}\), the total number of electrons is \(18+2 + 8=28\) (not 32).
• For \([Ar]3d^{7}4s^{2}\), the total number of electrons is \(18+7 + 2=27\) (not 32).
• For \([Ar]4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{2}\), the total number of electrons is \(18+2+10 + 2=32\).
• Krypton (\(Kr\)) has 36 electrons. For \([Kr]4d^{10}5s^{2}5p^{2}\), the total number of electrons is \(36+10 + 2+2=50\) (not 32)

Answer:

1. \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{2}\)
2. \([Ar]4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{2}\)