Question

1. are stars with a low magnitude bright stars or dim stars?
2. what is the brightest star in the night sky? ______

what is its magnitude? __________

1. stars are identified by color. what does the color of a

star indicate? _____________________

1. what color and spectral class are the hottest stars?

____________________________________

1. what color and spectral class are the coolest stars?

____________________________________

Explanation:

Question 14:

In astronomy (a subfield of Natural Science: Physics), stellar magnitude is a measure of brightness. The magnitude scale is reverse - logarithmic, meaning lower (more negative or smaller positive) magnitude values correspond to brighter stars. For example, a star with magnitude 1 is brighter than a star with magnitude 3. So stars with low magnitude are bright stars.

Question 15:

The brightest star in the night sky is Sirius (also known as Sirius A). Its apparent magnitude is approximately - 1.46.

Question 16:

The color of a star indicates its surface temperature. According to Wien's displacement law, different temperatures correspond to different peak wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the star. Hotter stars emit more energy at shorter wavelengths (bluer light), and cooler stars emit more at longer wavelengths (redder light). For example, blue stars are hot, red stars are relatively cool, and yellow stars (like our Sun) are of intermediate temperature.

Question 17:

The hottest stars are blue in color. In the stellar spectral classification (O, B, A, F, G, K, M, with O being the hottest and M the coolest), the hottest stars belong to spectral class O. These stars have very high surface temperatures, often over 30,000 Kelvin.

Question 18:

The coolest stars are red in color. In the stellar spectral classification, the coolest stars belong to spectral class M. Their surface temperatures can be as low as around 2000 - 3000 Kelvin.

Answer:

Question 14:

Bright stars

Question 15:

The brightest star in the night sky is Sirius (Sirius A). Its magnitude is approximately - 1.46.

Question 16:

The color of a star indicates its surface temperature.

Question 17:

The hottest stars are blue in color and belong to spectral class O.

Question 18:

The coolest stars are red in color and belong to spectral class M.