Question

1. what type of motion transforms the letter \p\ into a \b\?

horizontal translation
vertical translation
vertical reflection
dilation by reduction

Explanation:

To determine the motion transforming "p" to "b", we analyze each option:

• Horizontal/vertical translation moves the figure without flipping, so "p" wouldn't become "b" (eliminates first two options).
• Dilation changes size, not shape orientation (eliminates dilation).
• Vertical reflection (flipping over a vertical line) flips "p" vertically to form "b", as the vertical mirroring swaps the position of the circular part and the stem.

Answer:

C. vertical reflection (assuming the options are labeled A to D with C as vertical reflection; if original options have "vertical reflection" as one, the answer is the option with "vertical reflection" text, e.g., if it's the third option: "C. vertical reflection" or directly the option text like "vertical reflection" depending on labeling. Since the options are: horizontal translation, vertical translation, vertical reflection, dilation by reduction, the correct one is vertical reflection, so the answer is the option with "vertical reflection" (e.g., if it's the third option, "C. vertical reflection" or just "vertical reflection" as per the option's presentation).