Question

1. other than translation, what transformation is used to create this frieze pattern?

180° rotation
glide reflection
vertical reflection
horizontal reflection

Explanation:

To determine the transformation (other than translation) for the frieze pattern, we analyze each option:

• 180° rotation: A 180° rotation would flip the shape halfway around, but the pattern’s symmetry does not match this.
• Glide reflection: A glide reflection combines a translation and a reflection. However, the pattern here has a vertical mirror line (symmetry across a vertical axis), not a glide.
• Vertical reflection: A vertical reflection (reflection over a vertical line) is visible: if we draw a vertical line through the center of any "S - like" shape, the left and right halves mirror each other. This symmetry is consistent with vertical reflection.
• Horizontal reflection: A horizontal reflection (over a horizontal line) would flip the pattern top - bottom, but the pattern’s symmetry is vertical, not horizontal.

Answer:

vertical reflection