Question

why did feudalism emerge in europe after the collapse of the roman empire?
a. kings wanted to expand trade
b. trade routes increased
c. cities became stronger
d. people needed protection and local stability

Explanation:

After the Roman Empire collapsed, Europe faced chaos, lack of central authority, and threats (like invasions). Feudalism emerged as a system where lords provided land and protection to vassals/peasants, who in turn gave service/labor. Option A is incorrect as feudalism was not about kings expanding trade. Option B is wrong because trade routes actually declined post - Roman collapse. Option C is incorrect as cities weakened, not strengthened, in the early feudal period. Option D matches the need for protection and local stability that feudalism addressed.

Answer:

D. People needed protection and local stability