Question

who overthrew charles x in france in 1830? *
the military
the bourgeoisie
liberals
the nobility
what kind of government was established in france after the 1830 revolution?
constitutional monarchy
absolute monarchy
republic
military dictatorship
what was a common cause of the 1830 revolutions? *
economic prosperity
religious conflicts
desire for nationalist independence (nationalism)

Explanation:

• First question: In 1830, the July Revolution in France was led by the bourgeoisie. They were dissatisfied with Charles X's reactionary policies (such as the July Ordinances which restricted the press, dissolved the newly elected Chamber of Deputies, and changed the electoral rules to favor the old aristocracy).
• Second question: After the 1830 revolution, a constitutional monarchy was established. Louis - Philippe became the "Citizen King" under a constitutional framework that limited monarchical power more than under Charles X.
• Third question: A common cause of the 1830 revolutions (not just in France but also in places like Belgium) was the desire for nationalist independence. In Belgium, for example, there was a movement to break away from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and establish an independent Belgian state, driven by nationalist sentiment.

Answer:

• First question: The bourgeoisie
• Second question: Constitutional monarchy
• Third question: Desire for nationalist independence (nationalism)