Question

which of these statements is true about prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
○ they are both about the same size and have different internal structures.
○ they are both about the same size and have similar internal structures.
○ prokaryotes are smaller and lack the internal compartments that eukaryotes have.
○ both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have internal compartments enveloped in membranes.
○ prokaryotes have a nucleus, whereas eukaryotes do not.

Explanation:

1. Analyze each option:

• Option 1: Prokaryotes are generally smaller than eukaryotes, so "same size" is wrong. Eliminate.
• Option 2: Prokaryotes lack membrane - bound organelles (internal compartments) while eukaryotes have them, so internal structures are not similar. Eliminate.
• Option 3: Prokaryotes are smaller (e.g., bacteria vs. plant/animal cells) and lack membrane - bound internal compartments (organelles like nucleus, mitochondria in eukaryotes). This is correct.
• Option 4: Prokaryotes lack membrane - enveloped internal compartments (organelles), only eukaryotes have them. Eliminate.
• Option 5: Prokaryotes lack a nucleus, eukaryotes have a nucleus. This statement is reversed. Eliminate.

Answer:

Prokaryotes are smaller and lack the internal compartments that eukaryotes have.