Question

7 which process performed by plants removes carbon dioxide (co2) from the atmosphere and converts it into organic compounds (sugars)? a. cellular respiration b. photosynthesis c. decomposition d. combustion 8 which human activity is considered a major carbon source, releasing additional carbon dioxide into the atmosphere? a. protecting forests b. dissolving rocks c. planting crops d. burning fossil fuels answer each question carefully. each question is worth 1 - point. 9 condensation is the process where water vapor changes from a gas state directly to a solid state. true false 10 the biosphere is the part of earths system where all life exists, encompassing parts of the other three spheres. true false 11 oceans, polar ice caps, and groundwater would all be considered part of earths atmosphere. true false 12 transpiration is the release of water vapor from the surface of plants as a byproduct of photosynthesis. true false extra credit: fill in the blank. each question is worth 1 - point. 13 the process of _ is when plants absorb nitrogen into their organic compounds through their roots. 14 farmers adding _ rich fertilizer to soils can lead to runoff that contaminates water supplies and causes algae blooms. 15 the initial release of phosphorus into the soil and water from rocks is caused by _ and _. 16 the process of _ in the nitrogen cycle is the production of nitrates (no3) and nitrites (no2) from ammonia (nh3).

Explanation:

• Question 7: Cellular respiration releases \(CO_2\), decomposition breaks down organic matter (may release \(CO_2\) depending on the organism), combustion is burning (releases \(CO_2\)). Photosynthesis uses \(CO_2\) and water to make glucose (a sugar) and \(O_2\).
• Question 8: Protecting forests helps sequester carbon (trees take in \(CO_2\) via photosynthesis). Dissolving rocks and planting crops are not major carbon - releasing human activities. Burning fossil fuels (like coal, oil, gas) is a major source of \(CO_2\) emissions.
• Question 9: Condensation is the change from gas (water vapor) to liquid. Deposition is the change from gas directly to solid.
• Question 10: The biosphere includes all living things and interacts with the atmosphere (air), hydrosphere (water), and lithosphere (land).
• Question 11: Oceans, polar ice caps, and groundwater are part of the hydrosphere. The atmosphere is the layer of gases around the Earth.
• Question 12: Transpiration is the loss of water vapor from plant leaves (through stomata). It is not a by - product of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis by - products are \(O_2\) (from the light reaction) and glucose (from the Calvin cycle).
• Question 13: Nitrogen fixation is when bacteria convert \(N_2\) to ammonia (\(NH_3\)), nitrification converts ammonia to nitrites and nitrates, and assimilation is when plants absorb nitrogen (in the form of nitrates, etc.) into their organic compounds through roots.
• Question 14: Phosphorus - rich fertilizers can cause eutrophication (excessive growth of algae due to nutrient runoff).
• Question 15: Weathering (both physical and chemical) breaks down rocks. Erosion can then transport the weathered materials (which may contain phosphorus) into soil and water.
• Question 16: Nitrification is the process in the nitrogen cycle where ammonia (\(NH_3\)) is converted to nitrates (\(NO_3^-\)) and nitrites (\(NO_2^-\)) by nitrifying bacteria.

Answer:

1. B. Photosynthesis
2. D. Burning fossil fuels
3. False
4. True
5. False
6. False
7. Assimilation
8. Phosphorus
9. Weathering, Erosion
10. Nitrification