Question

1. which object has greater momentum, a butterfly traveling at 16 km/h (10 mi/h) or an eagle traveling at 16 km/h (10 mi/h)?
2. describe how to recognize a transfer of momentum.
3. using what you know of momentum, describe the transfer of momentum that would happen if a car hit a skateboarder.
4. an automobile with a mass of 1000 kg is moving at 20 m/s (approximately 40 mi/h). its momentum is

p = mv
p = (1000 kg)(20 m/s)
p = 20,000 kg*m/s
the approximate mass of the following objects is given in kilograms. calculate how fast (in m/s) each object would have to be traveling to have the same momentum as the automobile.
a. truck (10,000 kg)
b. bicycle (8 kg)
c. bowling ball (2.85 kg)
d. baseball (0.145kg)

1. a small sports car hits a heavy truck in a collision. what factors determine the outcome for the passengers of the two vehicles?

· which driver will sustain worse injuries? why?

1. based on the relative amounts of momentum, what is the outcome of a head - on collision between a heavy truck and a small sports automobile if both have the same speed? how do your ideas now compare to your initial ideas?

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the momentum formula

Momentum \(p = mv\). Given \(p_{car}=20000\space kg\cdot m/s\).

Step2: Solve for velocity \(v\) for each object

For an object with mass \(m\) to have \(p = 20000\space kg\cdot m/s\), we use \(v=\frac{p}{m}\)

a. For the truck (\(m = 10000\space kg\))

\(v=\frac{20000\space kg\cdot m/s}{10000\space kg}= 2\space m/s\)

b. For the bicycle (\(m = 8\space kg\))

\(v=\frac{20000\space kg\cdot m/s}{8\space kg}=2500\space m/s\)

c. For the bowling ball (\(m = 2.85\space kg\))

\(v=\frac{20000\space kg\cdot m/s}{2.85\space kg}\approx 7017.54\space m/s\)

d. For the baseball (\(m = 0.145\space kg\))

\(v=\frac{20000\space kg\cdot m/s}{0.145\space kg}\approx137931.03\space m/s\)

Answer:

a. \(2\space m/s\)
b. \(2500\space m/s\)
c. \(\approx 7017.54\space m/s\)
d. \(\approx137931.03\space m/s\)