Question

which may increase a person’s risk for joining a gang, despite location or background?
○ attending a poorly performing school
○ being exposed to media that glorifies crime
○ having family members involved in gang activity
○ having a history of a mental health disorder

Explanation:

To determine the factor increasing gang - joining risk regardless of location/background, we analyze each option:

• Option “attending a poorly performing school”: School performance is related to the local educational environment, so it's not independent of location/background.
• Option “being exposed to media that glorifies crime”: Media exposure can vary by region and cultural context, so it's not universal across all locations/backgrounds.
• Option “having family members involved in gang activity”: Family - related gang involvement can be influenced by the family's social and geographical context, so it's not completely independent of location/background.
• Option “having a history of a mental health disorder”: Mental health disorders are a personal factor that can be present across different locations and backgrounds, and research shows that mental health issues can increase the risk of engaging in risky behaviors like gang - joining.

Answer:

D. having a history of a mental health disorder