Question

1. which has the greatest change in velocity: a soccer ball being kicked into the goal or the same soccer ball passed backwards to a teammate and then kicked forward into the goal. (1 point) the ball kicked into the goal the ball passed backwards then kicked forward they both have the same there is no way to tell

Explanation:

Step1: Define change in velocity

Change in velocity $\Delta v=v_f - v_i$, where $v_f$ is final velocity and $v_i$ is initial velocity.

Step2: Analyze first - case

When the ball is kicked into the goal directly, assume initial velocity $v_i = 0$ (at rest before kick) and final velocity $v_f = v_1$. So $\Delta v_1=v_1 - 0=v_1$.

Step3: Analyze second - case

When the ball is passed backwards, its velocity changes direction. Let the velocity after backward - pass be $v_{b}$ (negative if we consider forward as positive). Then when it is kicked forward into the goal with final velocity $v_f = v_2$, the initial velocity for the second - kick is $v_{b}$. The overall change in velocity is from the initial rest state to the final state. The magnitude of change in velocity is $\Delta v_2=\vert v_2-(- v_{b})\vert=\vert v_2 + v_{b}\vert$. Since it has an additional velocity change due to the backward pass, $\Delta v_2>\Delta v_1$.

Answer:

B. the ball passed backwards then kicked forward