Question

1. which of the following is not part of the systemic pathway (circulation) of blood?

a. the aorta
b. the pulmonary veins
c. capillaries in the body
d. the inferior vena cava

1. when blood leaves the left ventricle, where does it go next?

a. the aorta
b. the pulmonary trunk
c. the left atrium
d. to the lungs

1. the lower, more powerful chambers of the heart are known as

a. atria
b. ventricles
b. arteries
c. veins

1. which statement is false about red blood cells (erythrocytes)?

a. they last about 120 days
b. they have a large nucleus
c. they carry oxygen
d. they are made in the bone marrow

1. all blood cells come from a stem cell known as a

a. neutrophil
b. megakaryocyte
c. hemocytoblast
d. reticulocyte

1. the right atrioventricular valve is also known as the

a. mitral valve
b. tricuspid valve
c. bicuspid valve
d. semilunar valve

1. someone who has very low levels of platelets (thrombocytes) is likely to have

a. a reduced ability to carry oxygen and severe fatigue
b. an immune system that does not work very well
c. problems with bleeding, even when they are not injured
d. really bad allergies

1. the two main functions of the circulatory system are

a. regulation and inflammation
b. transportation and protection
c. transportation and metabolism
d. protection and defense

1. which of the following is a normal white blood cell (leukocyte) count?

a. 5,000,000 per cubic millimeter of blood
b. 4,000 per cubic millimeter of blood
c. 300,000 per cubic millimeter of blood
d. none of the above

Explanation:

• Question 3: The systemic circulation involves the aorta (A), capillaries in the body (C), and the inferior vena cava (D). The pulmonary veins (B) are part of the pulmonary circulation, not systemic.
• Question 14: Blood leaves the left ventricle and goes to the aorta (A). The pulmonary trunk (B) is from the right ventricle. The left atrium (C) receives blood. Blood going to the lungs (D) is from the right ventricle.
• Question 15: The lower, more powerful chambers of the heart are the ventricles (B). Atria (A) are upper chambers. Arteries (B - incorrect label, but arteries carry blood away) and veins (C) are blood vessels.
• Question 16: Red blood cells (erythrocytes) do not have a large nucleus (B is false). They last about 120 days (A), carry oxygen (C), and are made in bone marrow (D).
• Question 17: All blood cells come from a hemocytoblast (C). Neutrophil (A) is a white blood cell. Megakaryocyte (B) makes platelets. Reticulocyte (D) is an immature red blood cell.
• Question 18: The right atrioventricular valve is the tricuspid valve (B). Mitral (A) and bicuspid (C - same as mitral) are left side. Semilunar (D) is at exits of ventricles.
• Question 19: Low platelet levels (thrombocytes) cause problems with bleeding (C). Reduced oxygen - carrying (A) is red blood cells. Immune (B) is white blood cells. Allergies (D) are related to immune response.
• Question 20: The two main functions of the circulatory system are transportation and protection (B). Regulation and inflammation (A), metabolism (C), and defense (D - part of protection) are not the two main.
• Question 21: Normal white blood cell (leukocyte) count is about 4,000 - 11,000 per cubic millimeter. 5,000,000 (A) is red blood cell count. 300,000 (C) is platelet count. So D (None of the above) is correct.

Answer:

1. B. The Pulmonary veins
2. A. The Aorta
3. B. Ventricles
4. B. They have a large nucleus
5. C. Hemocytoblast
6. B. Tricuspid valve
7. C. Problems with bleeding, even when they are not injured
8. B. Transportation and protection
9. D. None of the above