Question

which of the following caused american farmers during the 1920s to have a surplus of crops?
the recovery of european agricultural production
long summers and good growing seasons
the popularization of fertilizers and pesticides

Explanation:

To determine the cause of the surplus of crops for American farmers in the 1920s, we analyze each option:

• Option "the recovery of European agricultural production": After World War I, European agriculture recovered, reducing their reliance on American agricultural imports. This led to a surplus of American crops as the export market shrank.
• Option "long summers and good growing seasons": While favorable weather can increase yields, it's not the primary reason for the surplus in the 1920s context, as the main issue was related to market demand (European recovery).
• Option "the popularization of fertilizers and pesticides": Although these can boost production, the surplus was more due to reduced demand from Europe rather than increased production from better inputs alone.

So the most accurate cause is the recovery of European agricultural production.

Answer:

the recovery of European agricultural production