Question

which of the following is the best definition for meiosis? *
1 poin
o the counting of chromosomes within a diploid cell
a two - step process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half such that there
o is only one copy of all the chromosomes
the process of two haploid cells uniting
the equational division of a cell into two identical copies
how many cells are formed at the end of meiosis ii? *
2 points
o 2
o 3
o 4
o 8
which of the following are correct observations about the differences

• 4 points

between mitosis and meiosis? (check all that apply.)
o mitosis produces cells that identical to the parent cell.
all cells go through interphase as part of the cell cycle, whether it goes to mitosis
or meiosis next
only in mitosis, do you see chromosomes pair up to form a tetrad

Explanation:

• First Question:
• Meiosis is a two - step process (Meiosis I and Meiosis II). It starts with a diploid cell (\(2n\)) and results in haploid cells (\(n\)). In Meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, and in Meiosis II, sister chromatids separate. The end result is cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.
• The first option “the counting of chromosomes within a diploid cell” is not a definition of meiosis. The third option “the process of two haploid cells uniting” is fertilization. The fourth option “the equational division of a cell into two identical copies” is mitosis.
• Second Question:
• Meiosis I starts with one diploid cell and results in two haploid cells. Then Meiosis II occurs on each of those two haploid cells. Each of the two cells from Meiosis I divides again in Meiosis II. So, \(2\times2 = 4\) cells are formed at the end of Meiosis II.
• Third Question:
• Mitosis produces cells that identical to the parent cell: Mitosis is a process of asexual reproduction in somatic cells. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and genetic content as the parent cell.
• All cells go through INTERPHASE as part of the cell cycle, whether it goes to mitosis or meiosis next: Interphase is the phase where the cell grows, replicates its DNA, and prepares for division. Both mitosis and meiosis - bound cells go through interphase (G1, S, G2) before division.
• Only in Mitosis, do you see chromosomes pair up to form a tetrad: This is incorrect. Chromosomes pair up to form tetrads (a pair of homologous chromosomes) in Meiosis I (prophase I), not in mitosis.

Answer:

• First Question: a two - step process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half such that there is only one copy of all the chromosomes
• Second Question: 4
• Third Question: Mitosis produces cells that identical to the parent cell; All cells go through INTERPHASE as part of the cell cycle, whether it goes to mitosis or meiosis next