Question

which of the following actions could compromise data integrity in a research study?
○ a. fabricating experimental results
○ b. performing regular data backups
○ c. accurately recording observations
○ d. storing data securely

what role does peer review play in scientific research?
○ a. determines the research topic
○ b. ensures the quality and validity of research before publication
○ c. guarantees that all research is error - free
○ d. provides funding for research projects

what ethical dilemma is associated with animal testing?
○ a. using animals only for minor experiments
○ b. balancing the potential benefits of research against the ethical treatment of animals
○ c. ensuring animals do not participate in research
○ d. ignoring the well - being of animals in research

what does the term \societal implications\ refer to in scientific research?
○ a. avoiding ethical considerations
○ b. ignoring the outcomes of research
○ c. considering the potential impact of research on society
○ d. conducting research in isolation

Explanation:

First Question:

Data integrity means data is accurate and unaltered. Fabricating results (a) creates false data, compromising integrity. Backups (b), accurate recording (c), and secure storage (d) protect or maintain integrity.

Peer review involves experts evaluating research before publication to check quality, validity, and methodology. It doesn’t set topics (a), can’t guarantee error - free (c), or provide funding (d).

Animal testing ethics involve weighing research benefits (like medical advances) against animal welfare. Option a is not a dilemma, c avoids research, d is unethical (not a dilemma). Option b describes the balance.

Answer:

a. Fabricating experimental results

Second Question: