Question

1. when the speed of an object doubles, the momentum of the object a. stays the same b. doubles c. decreases d. triples 8. in any collision (crash) the is always constant: a. total momentum b. total speed c. total velocity d. energy 9. how can a tennis ball and a bowling ball have the same momentum? a. have the same speed b. have different speeds c. one is moving backwards d. they cant 10. circle the object with greater momentum: mass = 1814 kg velocity = 50 km/hr mass = 2268 kg velocity = 35 km/hr 11. true or false: less velocity equals less momentum

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the momentum formula

Momentum \(p = mv\) (where \(m\) is mass and \(v\) is velocity). If \(v\) doubles (\(v_{new}=2v\)), then \(p_{new}=m\times(2v) = 2mv\). So for question 7, when speed doubles, momentum doubles.

Step2: Recall the law of conservation of momentum

In any collision (in a closed - system), the total momentum is always constant. Energy may be lost (e.g., in inelastic collisions), speed and velocity (a vector) of individual objects can change. So for question 8, the answer is total momentum.

Step3: Analyze the momentum of two objects with different masses

Since \(p = mv\), if \(m_1
eq m_2\), to have \(p_1 = p_2\), \(v_1
eq v_2\) (because if \(v_1 = v_2\) and \(m_1
eq m_2\), \(p_1
eq p_2\)). Direction (back - ward/forward) affects velocity (a vector) but for magnitude of momentum (if we consider speed), as long as \(m_1v_1=m_2v_2\) (with appropriate speed values), they can have the same momentum. So for question 9, they can have the same momentum with different speeds.

Step4: Calculate the momentum of two vehicles

For the first vehicle: \(p_1=m_1v_1=1814\times50 = 90700\) (using \(p = mv\) with \(m = 1814\ kg\) and \(v = 50\ km/h\)). For the second vehicle: \(p_2=m_2v_2=2268\times35=79380\) (using \(m = 2268\ kg\) and \(v = 35\ km/h\)). Since \(p_1>p_2\), the first vehicle (mass \( = 1814\ kg\), velocity \(=50\ km/h\)) has greater momentum.

Step5: Analyze the relationship between velocity and momentum

Since \(p = mv\), momentum depends on both mass and velocity. If mass is constant, less velocity means less momentum. But if mass is not constant (e.g., a very massive object moving slowly can have more momentum than a light object moving fast), the statement "Less velocity equals less momentum" is False in a general sense.

Answer:

1. b. doubles
2. a. total momentum
3. b. have different speeds
4. The vehicle with mass \( = 1814\ kg\) and velocity \(=50\ km/h\)
5. False