Question

when the results of a patients blood work became available, the physician decided to schedule the patient for a heart catherization. other courses of treatment had been tried, unsuccessfully, to lower the blood pressure and cholesterol levels. which of the following must the patient give prior to the procedure?
multiple choice
implied and informed consent
informed consent
expressed consent
implied consent

Explanation:

Heart catherization is an invasive medical procedure. Informed consent is required for invasive medical procedures. Implied consent (e.g., showing up for a check - up implies consent for basic examination) is not sufficient for invasive procedures. Expressed consent is a broad term, but informed consent (where the patient is informed about risks, benefits, etc.) is the specific requirement here.

Answer:

informed consent