Question

when an astronomer sees a sunspot, what are they seeing?
a gap in the sun’s corona
a colder part of the sun
a storm on the sun’s surface
a flaming arc of plasma

Explanation:

Sunspots are dark areas on the Sun's photosphere caused by strong magnetic activity that inhibits convection, making them cooler (around 3,000-4,500 K) than the surrounding photosphere (about 5,500 K). The other options are incorrect: gaps in the corona refer to coronal holes, solar storms are broader disturbances, and flaming plasma arcs are prominences.

Answer:

a colder part of the sun