Question

what makes this individuals karyotype not normal? an extra autosome a missing autosome an extra sex chromosome a missing sex chromosome

Explanation:

A normal human karyotype has 22 pairs of autosomes (non - sex chromosomes) and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (XX for females, XY for males). In a karyotype, if there is an extra autosome, it means one of the autosomal pairs has three chromosomes instead of two. Looking at the karyotype image, we can see that one of the autosomal groups has an extra chromosome. Sex chromosome abnormalities would involve the X or Y chromosomes, but here the abnormality is in the autosomes. A missing autosome would mean a pair has only one chromosome, which is not the case here. A missing or extra sex chromosome would affect the sex chromosome pair, not the autosomes. So the individual's karyotype is abnormal due to an extra autosome.

Answer:

An extra autosome