Question

what does the judiciary rely on to guide decisions?
a. state legislature directives
b. recommendations from executive branches
c. public opinion surveys
d. legal precedents and constitutional law
which case addressed segregation and reinforced constitutional equality?
a. brown v. board of education
b. roe v. wade
c. marbury v. madison
d. miranda v. arizona

Explanation:

For the first question, the judiciary's role is to interpret and apply the law. Legal precedents (past court decisions) and constitutional law are fundamental in guiding judicial decisions. State legislature directives (a) are more for legislative bodies, executive branch recommendations (b) don't directly guide judicial decisions in a binding way, and public opinion surveys (c) aren't the core legal basis.
For the second question, Brown v. Board of Education (1954) was a landmark case that overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine, ruling that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, thus reinforcing constitutional equality. Roe v. Wade (b) was about abortion rights, Marbury v. Madison (c) established judicial review, and Miranda v. Arizona (d) was about criminal suspects' rights.

Answer:

1. d. Legal precedents and constitutional law
2. a. Brown v. Board of Education