Question

b. what would happen to the force if one of the masses is doubled?
c. what is the relationship between gravitational force and the distance between the masses?
d. what would happen to the force if the radius is doubled?
e. which has a larger effect on the magnitude (strength) of the gravitational force; mass or distance? provide a justification.
f. given that ( g ) is a constant, can it be increased or decreased?

1. neptune has a mass of ( 1.02\times10^{26}kg ) and the sun has a mass of ( 1.99\times10^{30}kg ). which statement is correct?

a. the amount of gravitational force exerted on neptune by the sun is larger than the gravitational force exerted on the sun by neptune.
b. the amount of gravitational force exerted on neptune by the sun is smaller than the gravitational force exerted on the sun by neptune.
c. neptune and the sun exert the same amount of gravitational force on each other.

Explanation:

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the gravitational force between two objects is given by \(F = G\frac{m_1m_2}{r^2}\), where \(G\) is the gravitational constant, \(m_1\) and \(m_2\) are the masses of the two objects, and \(r\) is the distance between their centers of mass. This force is an action - reaction pair. By Newton's third law, when object A exerts a gravitational force on object B, object B exerts an equal and opposite gravitational force on object A.

Answer:

c. Neptune and the sun exert the same amount of gravitational force on each other.