Question

1. what is the common name of the book in which newton published his laws of motion?

Explanation:

Newton's Laws of Motion are published in his landmark work, commonly known as the "Principia". The full title is Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, but the common name is the shortened form referencing this foundational physics text.

Answer:

Principia (full title: Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica)