Question

what causes the changes that occur in allele frequency? zero selection natural selection random mating

Explanation:

Natural selection is a key mechanism in evolution. It acts on the variation within a population. Individuals with traits that are more favorable in a given environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This leads to an increase in the frequency of the alleles (gene variants) that code for those favorable traits over generations. Zero selection implies no selective pressure, which would not cause changes in allele frequency. Random mating, while important for maintaining genetic equilibrium under certain conditions (like in the Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium), does not in itself cause a directional change in allele frequency. It mainly affects the distribution of genotypes rather than the frequency of alleles.

Answer:

natural selection