Question

weathering and erosion
cooling and solidification
compaction and cementation
heat and pressure
melting
metamorphic rock
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Explanation:

To determine the process that forms metamorphic rock, we analyze each option:

1. Weathering and erosion: Forms sediment, not metamorphic rock.
2. Cooling and solidification: Forms igneous rock.
3. Compaction and cementation: Forms sedimentary rock.
4. Heat and pressure: Metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks are subjected to heat and pressure (without melting), causing physical/chemical changes.
5. Melting: Leads to magma, which forms igneous rock when cooled.

Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks (sedimentary, igneous, or other metamorphic) undergoing heat and pressure (without melting), causing recrystallization or chemical changes. Other processes form different rock types: weathering/erosion (sediment), cooling/solidification (igneous), compaction/cementation (sedimentary), and melting (magma/igneous).

Answer:

1. Heat and pressure