Question

using page 295 of your textbook, write in your own words how human activity can fix some challenges of agriculture.
problem in agriculture human adjustment
growing season too short / too cool
insufficient moisture
infertile soils
hilly terrain
shortage of beneficial insects
excess of harmful insects

Explanation:

• Growing season too short / too cool: Humans can use greenhouses to create a warmer micro - climate, allowing plants to grow earlier and later. They can also select or breed plant varieties that are more cold - tolerant.
• Insufficient moisture: Irrigation systems (such as drip irrigation, sprinkler systems) can be installed to provide water to crops. Rainwater harvesting can also be used to supplement water sources.
• Infertile soils: Adding fertilizers (organic like compost or manure, or inorganic) can enrich the soil. Crop rotation (e.g., alternating legume crops which fix nitrogen with other crops) can also improve soil fertility over time.
• Hilly terrain: Terracing can be done. This involves creating flat areas (terraces) on the slopes of hills. It helps to prevent soil erosion, retain water, and make it possible to cultivate crops on hilly land.
• Shortage of beneficial insects: Planting insect - friendly plants (such as flowers that attract bees and ladybugs) in and around agricultural fields. Also, reducing the use of broad - spectrum pesticides that may harm beneficial insects.
• Excess of harmful insects: Using biological control methods like introducing natural predators of the harmful insects (e.g., releasing parasitic wasps to control caterpillars). Pheromone traps can also be used to disrupt the mating of harmful insects.

Answer:

Problem in Agriculture	Human Adjustment
Insufficient moisture	Install irrigation systems; practice rainwater harvesting
Infertile soils	Add fertilizers; practice crop rotation
Hilly terrain	Build terraces
Shortage of beneficial insects	Plant insect - friendly plants; reduce broad - spectrum pesticide use
Excess of harmful insects	Use biological control (introduce predators); use pheromone traps