Question

using the concept builder - experiments and
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anna litical and nellie newton conduct several trials in which
they study the effect of varying the mass of a cart upon the
acceleration of the cart when pulled with a constant force.
which notebook entry accurately identifies the variables and
displays the best choice for a plot?
choice 1 of 4:
dependent variable:
acceleration
independent variable:
mass
graph: acceleration (m/s²) on y - axis, mass (kg) on x - axis, with data points

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the experiment:

Step 1: Identify Variables

• Independent Variable: The factor changed (mass of the cart, as it’s varied).
• Dependent Variable: The factor measured (acceleration, as it depends on mass, per \( F = ma \) where \( F \) is constant).

Step 2: Analyze the Plot

The graph has:

• X - axis: Mass (kg) (independent variable, correct for plotting).
• Y - axis: Acceleration (m/s²) (dependent variable, correct for plotting).
• The data trend (decreasing acceleration with increasing mass) matches \( a \propto \frac{1}{m} \) (since \( F \) is constant), so the plot correctly pairs the variables.

This notebook entry correctly identifies:

• Dependent Variable: Acceleration
• Independent Variable: Mass
• The plot (mass on x - axis, acceleration on y - axis) is appropriate for showing their relationship.

Answer:

The notebook entry with Dependent Variable: Acceleration, Independent Variable: Mass, and the plot of Acceleration vs. Mass (as shown) is correct.