Question

use the venn diagram below to compare and contrast dna and rna.
dna
both
rna
deoxyribose
double helix
guanine
cytosine
adenine
nucleic acid
ribose
single strand

i can explain the steps of protein synthesis.
write out the steps of transcription in the box below.
1

2

3

4

1. where does transcription take place?

1. what is produced in transcription?

Explanation:

To answer the questions about transcription:

• For the steps of transcription (sub - questions in the table):
• Step 1: Initiation - RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the DNA. The DNA double helix starts to unwind at the gene to be transcribed.
• Step 2: Elongation - RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of DNA, adding complementary RNA nucleotides (A - U, C - G, G - C, T - A) to form a growing mRNA strand.
• Step 3: Termination - When RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence on the DNA, transcription stops. The newly formed RNA (mRNA) is released.
• Step 4: Processing (in eukaryotes) - The primary mRNA transcript undergoes processing such as capping (adding a 5' cap), poly - adenylation (adding a 3' poly - A tail), and splicing (removing introns and joining exons) to form a mature mRNA.
• Question 7: Transcription takes place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells (since DNA is located in the nucleus) and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells (as prokaryotes have no nucleus and their DNA is in the cytoplasm).
• Question 8: The product of transcription is a single - stranded RNA molecule, specifically messenger RNA (mRNA) in the case of protein - coding genes, although other types of RNA like rRNA and tRNA are also transcribed from their respective genes.

Answer:

Steps of Transcription (Table)

1. Initiation: RNA polymerase binds to DNA promoter, DNA unwinds.
2. Elongation: RNA polymerase adds RNA nucleotides to form mRNA.
3. Termination: Transcription stops, mRNA is released.
4. (Eukaryotes) Processing: mRNA is capped, poly - adenylated, and spliced.

Question 7

In eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the nucleus; in prokaryotes, it takes place in the cytoplasm.

Question 8

A single - stranded RNA molecule (e.g., mRNA, rRNA, tRNA) is produced.