Question

a toy car with a mass of 0.5 kg is pushed with an acceleration of 2 m/s. what is the force that was applied to the toy car?
a) 0.25 m/s
b) 1 m/s
c) 4 m/s
d) 10 m/s
which of the following statements about mass and weight is true?
a) mass changes depending on gravity, but weight does not.
b) mass is a measure of the amount of matter while weight is the force of gravity on that matter.
c) mass and weight are always the same.
d) weight is measured in kilograms, and mass is measured in newtons.

Explanation:

First Question (Force on Toy Car)

Step1: Recall Newton's Second Law

Newton's second law is \( F = ma \), where \( F \) is force, \( m \) is mass, and \( a \) is acceleration.

Step2: Identify Given Values

Mass \( m = 0.5 \, \text{kg} \), acceleration \( a = 2 \, \text{m/s}^2 \).

Step3: Calculate Force

Substitute into the formula: \( F = 0.5 \times 2 = 1 \, \text{N} \)? Wait, no, wait the options are in m/s? Wait, no, maybe a typo? Wait, the options are a) 0.25 m/s, b) 1 m/s, c) 4 m/s, d) 10 m/s. Wait, no, force units are Newtons, but options are velocity? Wait, maybe the question was about acceleration? No, the question says "force that was applied". Wait, maybe the user made a typo, but assuming it's \( F = ma \), \( m = 0.5 \, \text{kg} \), if acceleration was 2 m/s², then \( F = 0.5 \times 2 = 1 \, \text{N} \), but options are in m/s. Wait, maybe the question was about velocity? No, the original question: "A toy car with a mass of 0.5 kg is pushed with an acceleration of 2 m/s². What is the force that was applied to the toy car?" Wait, the options are wrong? Or maybe I misread. Wait, the options are a) 0.25 m/s, b) 1 m/s, c) 4 m/s, d) 10 m/s. Wait, no, that can't be. Wait, maybe the acceleration was 2 m/s, no, acceleration is m/s². Wait, maybe the question is about velocity, but no. Alternatively, maybe the user mixed up. But assuming the formula \( F = ma \), \( m = 0.5 \, \text{kg} \), \( a = 2 \, \text{m/s}^2 \), then \( F = 1 \, \text{N} \), but options are in m/s. Wait, maybe the question was "What is the acceleration?" No, the question is force. Wait, maybe the options are wrong, but among the options, if we consider \( F = ma \), then \( a = F/m \), but no. Wait, maybe the question is "What is the acceleration?" but no. Alternatively, maybe the mass is 0.5 kg, force is what, and acceleration is 2 m/s². Then \( F = 0.5 * 2 = 1 \, \text{N} \), but options are in m/s. This is confusing. Wait, maybe the options are for force in Newtons, but labeled as m/s by mistake. Then the answer would be 1 N, corresponding to option b) 1 m/s (wrong label). So I'll proceed with \( F = ma = 0.5 * 2 = 1 \).

• Option a: Mass is constant (amount of matter), weight depends on gravity (force), so a is false.
• Option b: Mass is the amount of matter, weight is force due to gravity (so depends on gravity), so b is true.
• Option c: Mass is constant, weight changes with gravity, so c is false.
• Option d: Mass is in kilograms, weight in Newtons, so d is false.

Answer:

b) 1 m/s (assuming label error, correct force is 1 N)

Second Question (Mass and Weight)