Question

theory → i. what is purposefully being changed and tested in an experiment; dependent variable → d. what is being measured in an experiment; law → b. an objective statement based on the five senses; observation → h. a subjective guess based on what you see; inference → f. describes how something in nature happens; independent variable → e. explains why a phenomenon in nature occurs

Explanation:

• Theory: A theory in science is a well - supported explanation for why a natural phenomenon occurs, so it matches E.
• Dependent variable: In an experiment, the dependent variable is the one that we measure to see the effect of the independent variable, so it matches D.
• Law: A scientific law describes a natural phenomenon (how it happens) in a concise way, so it matches F.
• Observation: Observations are made using our five senses and are objective statements about what we perceive, so it matches B.
• Inference: An inference is a guess or conclusion we draw based on our observations, and it can be subjective, so it matches H.
• Independent variable: The independent variable is the factor that we deliberately change and test in an experiment to see its effect on the dependent variable, so it matches I.

Answer:

• Theory → E. Explains why a phenomenon in nature occurs
• Dependent variable → D. What is being measured in an experiment
• Law → F. Describes how something in nature happens
• Observation → B. An objective statement based on the five senses
• Inference → H. A subjective guess based on what you see
• Independent variable → I. What is purposefully being changed and tested in an experiment