Question

standard 4a: structure of local government in virginia
the authority of local governments in virginia is derived from the ________. all powers of local governments in virginia are given to them by the constitution of virginia and acts of the general assembly. not all counties and cities are given the same powers. cities have ________ listing their powers.
counties (pwc) \t\t\t\tcities (dale city) \t\t\t\ttowns (dumfries)
legislative branch \t\t\t\tlegislative branch \t\t\t\tlegislative branch
________ \t\t\t\t________
\t\t\t\t+ make ________ (local laws) \t\t\t\t________
\t\t\t\t+ adopts ________ budget \t\t\t\tschools are operated by the ________ in which the town is located.
\t\t\t\t________ are made when the ______ branch listens to ________ concerns/input, discuss the input, then vote on them. \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\tan __________ school board oversees the k - 12 public schools \t\t\t\t
executive branch \t\t\t\texecutive branch \t\t\t\texecutive branch
________: hired by board of supervisors \t\t\t\t______: (______ by voters or city council members) \t\t\t\t________: (elected by voters or city council members)
enforces ________ & runs government. \t\t\t\tenforces ______ & runs government \t\t\t\tenforces ordinances & ________
\t\t\t\tjudicial branch \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t+ __________ courts \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t+ __________ courts \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t a. __________ claims courts \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t b. __________ claims courts \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t __________ court \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\tother \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t1. sheriff— \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t2. clerk of the circuit court— \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t3. commissioner of revenue— \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t4. treasurer— \t\t\t\t
\t\t\t\t5. school board— \t\t\t\t

Explanation:

This problem is about the structure of local government in Virginia, which falls under the subfield of Politics (within Social Science) as it deals with governmental systems, branches, and their powers. To fill in the blanks:

1. The authority of local governments in Virginia is derived from the Dillon's Rule (since Virginia local governments have authority granted by the state, following Dillon's Rule). All powers of local governments in Virginia are given to them by the Constitution of Virginia and acts of the General Assembly. Cities have charters listing their powers.

1. Counties (PWC) - Legislative Branch: Board of Supervisors (the legislative body for counties in Virginia).

Cities (Dale City) - Legislative Branch: City Council (makes ordinances (local laws), adopts annual budgets; Ordinances are made when the legislative branch (City Council) listens to citizens’ concerns/input, discusses, then votes. An elected school board oversees K - 12 public schools.
Towns (Dumfries) - Legislative Branch: Town Council; Schools are operated by the county in which the town is located (since towns in Virginia often rely on county school systems).

1. Counties (PWC) - Executive Branch: County Administrator (hired by Board of Supervisors); Enforces ordinances & runs government.

Cities (Dale City) - Executive Branch: City Manager (appointed by voters or City Council members); Enforces ordinances & runs government.
Towns (Dumfries) - Executive Branch: Town Manager (elected by voters or City Council members); Enforces ordinances & runs government.

1. Cities (Dale City) - Judicial Branch: General District courts, Circuit Courts (a. Civil claims courts, b. Criminal claims courts), and Juvenile & Domestic Relations court.

Answer:

(Here are the filled - in key blanks as examples, based on Virginia local government structure: )

• The authority of local governments in Virginia is derived from the \(\boldsymbol{\text{Dillon's Rule}}\). All powers of local governments in Virginia are given to them by the Constitution of Virginia and acts of the General Assembly. Cities have \(\boldsymbol{\text{charters}}\) listing their powers.

• Counties (PWC) - Legislative Branch: \(\boldsymbol{\text{Board of Supervisors}}\)

• Cities (Dale City) - Legislative Branch: \(\boldsymbol{\text{City Council}}\); Make \(\boldsymbol{\text{ordinances}}\) (local laws); Adopts \(\boldsymbol{\text{annual}}\) budget; \(\boldsymbol{\text{Ordinances}}\) are made when the \(\boldsymbol{\text{City Council}}\) (legislative branch) listens to \(\boldsymbol{\text{citizens'}}\) concerns/input, discuss the input, then vote on them; An \(\boldsymbol{\text{elected}}\) school board oversees the K - 12 public schools.

• Towns (Dumfries) - Legislative Branch: \(\boldsymbol{\text{Town Council}}\); Schools are operated by the \(\boldsymbol{\text{county}}\) in which the town is located.

• Counties (PWC) - Executive Branch: \(\boldsymbol{\text{County Administrator}}\); Hired by Board of Supervisors; Enforces \(\boldsymbol{\text{ordinances}}\) & runs government.

• Cities (Dale City) - Executive Branch: \(\boldsymbol{\text{City Manager}}\); (\(\boldsymbol{\text{Appointed}}\) by voters or City Council members); Enforces \(\boldsymbol{\text{ordinances}}\) & runs government.

• Towns (Dumfries) - Executive Branch: \(\boldsymbol{\text{Town Manager}}\); (elected by voters or City Council members); Enforces ordinances & \(\boldsymbol{\text{runs government}}\)

• Cities (Dale City) - Judicial Branch: \(\boldsymbol{\text{General District}}\) courts; \(\boldsymbol{\text{Circuit}}\) Courts; a. \(\boldsymbol{\text{Civil}}\) claims courts; b. \(\boldsymbol{\text{Criminal}}\) claims courts; \(\boldsymbol{\text{Juvenile & Domestic Relations}}\) court