Question

source: library of congress, national park service
the images shown illustrate a change that took place as the second agricultural revolution coincided with the industrial revolution. which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions?
a an increase in chemical farming practices let to more food being produced by farmers and then processed in factories
b the domestication of plants and animals allowed for factory farming practices where workers made the first canned foods
c an increase in the rural farming workforce lead to higher farm productivity, which resulted in more food for urban industrial workers
d the mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce
e the creation of sedentary societies, where farm work was done completely by machine, resulted in permanent settlements in town and cities

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the relationship between the Second Agricultural Revolution (mechanization of farming) and the Industrial Revolution (urban industrial growth).

• Option A: Chemical farming is more associated with the Third Agricultural Revolution, not the Second, so incorrect.
• Option B: Domestication of plants/animals is part of the First Agricultural Revolution, not related to the Second/Industrial Revolutions here, so incorrect.
• Option C: The Second Agricultural Revolution reduced the need for a large rural farming workforce (due to mechanization), not increased it, so incorrect.
• Option D: Mechanization in farming (Second Agricultural Revolution) meant fewer people were needed on farms, so many (especially young people) migrated to cities to work in industrial jobs (Industrial Revolution). This matches the geographic relationship (rural to urban migration due to farm mechanization).
• Option E: Sedentary societies came with the First Agricultural Revolution, and farm work was never completely done by machines in the Second Agricultural Revolution context, so incorrect.

Answer:

D. The mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce