Question

1. sodium (na) and chlorine (cl) form the ionic compound table salt. describe how this happens. what happens to the electrons?
2. what are the 4 large organic molecules that make up all living things?
3. describe why carbon is essential to the building of all large organic molecules.
4. which type of organic molecule is represented by the formula ch₂o?
5. what is the chemical formula for glucose? what type of organic molecule is this?
6. explain the difference between a monomer and a polymer?

Explanation:

1. The four large organic molecules that make up all living things are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These are the fundamental macromolecules in biological systems. Carbohydrates provide energy, lipids are involved in energy storage and membrane formation, proteins have diverse functions like catalysis and structural support, and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) store and transmit genetic information.
2. The formula \(CH_2O\) represents a carbohydrate. Carbohydrates have a general formula of \((CH_2O)_n\), where \(n\) is a positive integer. This simple formula is characteristic of the basic building blocks (monosaccharides) of carbohydrates.
3. The chemical formula for glucose is \(C_6H_{12}O_6\). Glucose is a type of carbohydrate. It is a monosaccharide (simple sugar) and is a crucial energy source in living organisms.
4. A monomer is a single, small molecule that can bond with other similar molecules. A polymer is a large molecule made up of many monomers bonded together. For example, amino acids are monomers that bond to form proteins (polymers), and monosaccharides (like glucose) are monomers that can form polysaccharides (polymers such as starch or cellulose).

Answer:

1. Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic acids
2. Carbohydrate
3. \(C_6H_{12}O_6\); Carbohydrate
4. Monomer: Single small molecule. Polymer: Large molecule of many monomers.