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Question
sleepwalking can be genetic—this means that it can run in families. stress, lack of sleep, illness, and taking certain medications can also make someone more likely to sleepwalk.
if you or someone you know is a sleepwalker, there is probably no need to worry. sleepwalking itself is not harmful and is not a sign of any serious medical problem. however, some people do occasionally harm themselves while sleepwalking. sleepwalkers may use sharp tools, drive, fall down stairs, or do other hazardous things while they are asleep. fortunately, there are a few things that you can do in order to prevent any sleepwalking - related injuries.
first, it is important to keep a sleepwalker’s environment safe. put sharp or dangerous objects in hard - to - reach places. place gates in front of staircases. put alarms or extra locks on doors and windows. next, if you notice that someone is sleepwalking, gently guide him back to bed. although you will not harm a sleepwalker by waking him up, you may frighten him. when a sleepwalker is led back to bed, he will probably go back to sleep with no memory of ever having gotten up in the first place.
even though sleepwalking is usually not dangerous, it can be bothersome. people who have trouble with sleepwalking should talk to a doctor to make sure that there are no other serious problems. there are drugs that a doctor can prescribe that might help with sleepwalking. sleepwalkers can also try relaxation techniques, such as meditation or hypnosis. another method that might work is called anticipatory awakening. anticipatory awakening calls for the sleepwalker to be woken up right before he usually sleepwalks. for example, if a person usually sleepwalks at midnight, he or she can try setting an alarm for 11:45 pm. the sleepwalker can then go back to sleep at 12:15 am. by staying awake through the usual sleepwalking period, the person will usually be able to avoid sleepwalking for the rest of the night.
generally speaking, a good conclusion will do three things: remind the reader of the author’s argument, summarize the author’s main ideas, and leave the reader with something to think about. this passage does not have a conclusion. but if it did, which of the following would constitute the best contribution to it?
a a sleepwalker’s eyes usually remain open while he or she wanders around the house; however, they are not seeing the world in the same way as they usually do.
b rem sleep usually begins 90 minutes after falling asleep. the time we spend in rem sleep gets longer and longer as the night goes on.
c there are still many things we do not understand about sleepwalking. however, with more research, scientists may one day help people who walk - and eat frozen pizza - in their sleep.
d high fevers can often cause sleepwalking in both children and adults.
The question is about identifying which option does not contribute to the passage's conclusion. The passage focuses on sleepwalking (causes, safety, solutions). Option B talks about REM sleep duration, which is unrelated to sleepwalking. Options A (sleepwalker's eyes), C (unknowns in sleepwalking research), D (fever causing sleepwalking) relate to sleepwalking. So B is the answer.
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B. REM sleep usually begins 90 minutes after falling asleep. The time we spend in REM sleep gets longer and longer as the night goes on.