Question

scenario 2:
a group of butterflies develops brighter colors to attract mates, but predators now see them more easily.

• predict what might happen to this trait over time and why.

scenario 3:
urban raccoons are smaller and bolder than rural raccoons.

• explain how natural selection might have caused this change

Explanation:

For Scenario 2: The trait of brighter colors may decrease over time. Brighter - colored butterflies are more visible to predators. If they are eaten more often, they have less chance to reproduce and pass on the gene for brighter colors. Natural selection (predation pressure) acts against this trait.
For Scenario 3: In urban areas, smaller size may be advantageous. Smaller raccoons may be better at navigating through urban spaces (e.g., smaller gaps in buildings). Boldness may be selected for because urban environments have more human - related food sources (e.g., garbage cans). Raccoons that are bolder (less afraid of humans) can access these food sources more easily. Natural selection (urban environment's selective pressures) favors smaller and bolder traits.

Answer:

For Scenario 2: The trait of brighter colors may decrease over time due to predation pressure.
For Scenario 3: In urban areas, smaller size helps with navigating urban spaces and boldness helps access human - related food sources, so natural selection favors these traits.