Question

read the text. melanin is a substance produced by the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. melanin absorbs harmful ultraviolet sunlight, thereby protecting the internal organs from these rays. although everyone has the same number of cells that produce melanin, not everyone makes the same amount of melanin. some people do not naturally produce much melanin; consequently, their skin appears lighter. for both lighter - and darker - skinned people, skin will start to produce more melanin as a result of being exposed to the sun for a long time. this is why a persons skin may appear tanner after vacationing in tropical climates. match causes with their effects. internal organs are protected. the epidermis starts to produce more melanin. some people do not naturally produce much melanin. cause effect the epidermis appears lighter. melanin absorbs the suns ultraviolet rays. the epidermis is exposed to the sun for a long time.

Explanation:

Para encontrar la relación causa - efecto, se debe identificar en el texto cuál es la acción (causa) y cuál es el resultado (efecto). En el caso de "The epidermis appears lighter", el texto dice que "Some people do not naturally produce much melanin; consequently, their skin appears lighter", por lo que la causa es "Some people do not naturally produce much melanin". Para "Melanin absorbs the sun's ultraviolet rays", el texto dice que "Melanin absorbs harmful ultraviolet sunlight, thereby protecting the internal organs from these rays", por lo que el efecto es "Internal organs are protected". Para "The epidermis is exposed to the sun for a long time", el texto dice que "For both lighter - and darker - skinned people, skin will start to produce more melanin as a result of being exposed to the sun for a long time", por lo que el efecto es "The epidermis starts to produce more melanin".

Answer:

Cause: Some people do not naturally produce much melanin. - Effect: The epidermis appears lighter.
Cause: Melanin absorbs the sun's ultraviolet rays. - Effect: Internal organs are protected.
Cause: The epidermis is exposed to the sun for a long time. - Effect: The epidermis starts to produce more melanin.