Question

question 1
which of the following is a reduced molecule?
glucose
carbon dioxide
oxygen

question 2
in this reaction, sucrase is a:

enzyme
product
reactant

Explanation:

Question 1

• Glucose: In glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)), carbon has a relatively low oxidation state. Through processes like photosynthesis (where \(CO_2\) is reduced to form glucose), we can see that glucose is a molecule that has gained electrons (in a sense of the overall redox - carbon in \(CO_2\) has a higher oxidation state).
• Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)): In \(CO_2\), carbon has an oxidation state of + 4. It is a more oxidized form of carbon compared to glucose.
• Oxygen (\(O_2\)): In \(O_2\), oxygen has an oxidation state of 0. It is a common oxidizing agent (tends to gain electrons in reactions), not a reduced molecule.

• Enzyme: Sucrase is a biological catalyst. In the reaction shown (the hydrolysis of sucrose), it speeds up the reaction without being consumed in the overall reaction. Enzymes are proteins (or in some cases RNA) that lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction.
• Product: The products of the sucrose hydrolysis reaction are glucose and fructose (the two - hexagon - shaped molecules with the \( - OH\) groups attached in the way shown after the reaction arrow). Sucrase is not a product.
• Reactant: The reactants in the sucrose hydrolysis reaction are sucrose and water (\(H_2O\)). Sucrase is not a reactant.

Answer:

glucose

Question 2