Question

question 4
match the statements with the correct items
cross a tall plant with a short plant and all offspring are tall
cross a white rabbit with a black rabbit and all the offspring are grey
cross a purple flower with a white flower and the offspring have some purple and some white petals
the father has no influence on the sons phenotype
this a record tracing traits or disorders through generations in a family
a person who carries the allele for a disorder but does not exhibit the disorder
this is the actual alleles possessed for a trait
this is the actual physical expression of a trait
this shows all possible outcomes of a genetic cross
this determines the genotype of an unknown genotype
a. phenotype
b. test cross
c. incomplete dominance
d. pedigree
e. carrier
f. complete dominance
g. genotype
h. punnett square
i. x - linked
j. codominance

Explanation:

• Cross a tall plant with a short plant and all offspring are tall: In complete dominance, one allele masks the effect of another. Here, the allele for tallness completely masks the allele for shortness.
• Cross a white rabbit with a black rabbit and all the offspring are grey: In incomplete dominance, the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes. Grey is intermediate between white and black.
• Cross a purple flower with a white flower and the offspring have some purple and some white petals: In codominance, both alleles are expressed in the phenotype. So, both purple and white petals are seen.
• The father has no influence on the son's phenotype: In X - linked inheritance, sons get their X - chromosome from the mother. So, the father (who gives the Y - chromosome) has no influence on X - linked traits in sons.
• This a record tracing traits or disorders through generations in a family: A pedigree is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance (phenotype) of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors from one generation to the next.
• A person who carries the allele for a disorder but does not exhibit the disorder: A carrier is an individual who has one copy of a recessive allele for a genetic disorder.
• This is the actual alleles possessed for a trait: The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, representing the alleles it has for a particular trait.
• This is the actual physical expression of a trait: The phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism.
• This shows all possible outcomes of a genetic cross: A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a genetic cross.
• This determines the genotype of an unknown genotype: A test cross is used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype (but unknown genotype) by crossing it with an individual with a recessive phenotype.

Answer:

1. F. complete dominance
2. C. incomplete dominance
3. J. codominance
4. I. X - linked
5. D. pedigree
6. E. carrier
7. G. genotype
8. A. phenotype
9. H. Punnett square
10. B. test cross