Question

question 74
1 pts
in one application of aversive conditioning, alcohol is paired with a drug that induces vomiting. which of the following alternatives correctly applies classical conditioning terminology to this situation?
○ alcohol becomes a conditioned stimulus associated with vomiting.
● both alcohol becomes a conditioned stimulus associated with vomiting and the drug with which alcohol is paired is a unconditioned stimulus.
○ the drug with which alcohol is paired is a unconditioned stimulus.
○ alcohol is an unconditioned stimulus for vomiting

question 75
1 pts
electroconvulsive therapy (ect) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) are non - invasive procedures used to treat psychological disorders. these are categorized as
______.
○ humanistic therapy
○ drug therapy
○ direct brain intervention therapies
○ behavioral therapy

Explanation:

Question 74

In classical conditioning, an unconditioned stimulus (US) naturally triggers a response (unconditioned response, UR). A conditioned stimulus (CS) is a neutral stimulus that, after pairing with a US, triggers a conditioned response (CR). The drug induces vomiting naturally (US), and after pairing with alcohol, alcohol (originally neutral) becomes a CS for vomiting. So the option with both is correct.

ECT and TMS directly intervene with the brain (ECT uses electrical currents, TMS uses magnetic fields) to treat psychological disorders. Humanistic therapy focuses on self - actualization, drug therapy uses medications, and behavioral therapy focuses on behavior modification. So they are direct brain intervention therapies.

Answer:

B. Both alcohol becomes a conditioned stimulus associated with vomiting and the drug with which alcohol is paired is a unconditioned stimulus.

Question 75