Question

question 6 of 20
how did european imperialism in india differ from european imperialism in china during the 18th and 19th centuries?
a. europeans took almost absolute control over indias government but focused only on securing trading rights in china.
b. europeans contributed to economic collapse in india but contributed to strengthening the economy in china.
c. europeans used military force to take control of china but used diplomacy to establish trade colonies in india.
d. europeans preferred to export goods to india and to only import goods from china.

Explanation:

In the 18th and 19th centuries, the British East India Company and later the British Crown established a highly centralized and almost absolute control over India's government through various means like the Doctrine of Lapse, direct rule after the 1857 Rebellion etc. In China, European powers (like Britain, France etc.) focused on securing trading rights through unequal treaties (e.g., Treaty of Nanjing after the First Opium War gave Britain trading privileges like the opening of treaty ports, low - tariff trade etc.) rather than taking over the entire Chinese government.

• Option B: European imperialism was exploitative in both India and China. In India, they de - industrialized the local handicraft industry (e.g., destruction of the Indian textile industry) and in China, the opium trade and unequal treaties disrupted the local economy. So this option is incorrect.
• Option C: Europeans used military force in India (e.g., battles like the Battle of Plassey) and also in China (Opium Wars). And they did not use just diplomacy in India. So this option is wrong.
• Option D: Europeans both exported (like machine - made goods) and imported (raw materials like cotton from India; tea, silk from China) from both regions. So this option is incorrect.

Answer:

A. Europeans took almost absolute control over India's government but focused only on securing trading rights in China.