Question

question 19
type 1 diabetes is:
an absolute insulin deficiency
diagnosed in adulthood
controlled with diet, exercise and oral hypoglycemic agents
subject to insulin rash

question 20
exopthalmia refers to:
eyes turned outward
eyes bulging outward
eyes crossed
eyes turned inward

question 21
another term used to refer to addisons disease is:
hypoadrenocorticism
hyperthyroidism
glandular fever
histoplasmosis

Explanation:

• Question 19: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin - producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to an absolute insulin deficiency. It is often diagnosed in childhood (not adulthood), and treatment involves insulin (not just diet, exercise, and oral hypoglycemic agents). Insulin rash is a rare side - effect of insulin administration and not a defining characteristic of Type 1 diabetes.
• Question 20: Exophthalmia is a condition where the eyes bulge outward. This is often associated with hyperthyroidism. Eyes turned outward is exotropia, eyes crossed is esotropia, and eyes turned inward is also a form of strabismus (esotropia).
• Question 21: Addison's disease is also known as hypoadrenocorticism. It is a disorder of the adrenal glands where there is insufficient production of adrenal hormones. Hyperthyroidism is a disorder of the thyroid gland. Glandular fever is another name for infectious mononucleosis (caused by the Epstein - Barr virus). Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection.

Answer:

• Question 19: an absolute insulin deficiency
• Question 20: eyes bulging outward
• Question 21: hypoadrenocorticism