Question

question 11 of 13 match the descriptions to the appropriate type of transport. passive transport active transport answer bank does not require energy moves substances against a concentration gradient moves substances down a concentration gradient requires energy © macmillan learning

Explanation:

To solve this, we recall the definitions of passive and active transport:

• Passive transport: Moves substances down their concentration gradient (from high to low concentration) and does not require energy (e.g., diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion).
• Active transport: Moves substances against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) and requires energy (usually ATP) to do so (e.g., protein pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis).

Now we match the descriptions:

• For Passive transport:
• "does not require energy" (since passive transport relies on natural concentration gradients, no energy input is needed).
• "moves substances down a concentration gradient" (substances flow from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration passively).
• For Active transport:
• "requires energy" (energy is needed to move substances against the concentration gradient).
• "moves substances against a concentration gradient" (substances are moved from low to high concentration, which is against the natural gradient and needs energy).

Answer:

• Passive transport: does not require energy, moves substances down a concentration gradient
• Active transport: requires energy, moves substances against a concentration gradient