Question

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which of the following are examples of ways cells get energy to maintain homeostasis?
□ cellular respiration
□ using the bathroom
□ getting sick
□ sweating
□ photosynthesis

Explanation:

• Cellular respiration: Cells break down glucose (and other molecules) in the presence of oxygen (or without, in anaerobic respiration) to produce ATP (energy), which is used to maintain homeostasis. For example, in eukaryotic cells, this occurs in mitochondria. The overall equation for aerobic cellular respiration is $C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2

ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$.

• Photosynthesis: In plant cells (and some other organisms like algae and cyanobacteria), photosynthesis uses light energy, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose (which stores energy) and oxygen. The glucose can then be used in cellular respiration to generate ATP for cellular processes related to homeostasis. The equation is $6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow[\text{Chlorophyll}]{\text{Light Energy}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$.
• Using the bathroom: This is a process of eliminating waste (like urea, excess water, salts) from the body, not a way cells get energy. It's part of the excretory system's role in maintaining homeostasis (by removing waste), but not energy - production.
• Getting sick: This is a disruption of homeostasis (due to pathogens, etc.), not a way cells obtain energy. It's a state where the body's normal homeostatic processes are challenged.
• Sweating: This is a way the body (not cells directly) cools down and maintains temperature homeostasis. It involves the excretory system (sweat glands) releasing water and salts, but it doesn't produce energy for cells.

Answer:

A. cellular respiration, E. photosynthesis