Question

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what is the effect of aldosterone on blood volume and blood pressure?
increases blood volume and blood pressure
has no effect on blood volume or blood pressure
increases blood pressure but decreases blood volume
increases blood volume but decreases blood pressure
decreases blood volume and blood pressure

Explanation:

Aldosterone is a hormone that acts on the kidneys. It promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions ($\text{Na}^+$) and water in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the nephron. When more water is reabsorbed, the blood volume increases. According to the principle of fluid mechanics, an increase in blood volume (assuming other factors like vessel elasticity remain relatively constant in the short - term) leads to an increase in blood pressure.

Answer:

Increases blood volume and blood pressure