Question

1. as the plunger is depressed, the volume of a syringe filled with helium gas is reduced from 35 ml to 15 ml. if the initial pressure is 150 kpa, what is the final pressure, in kpa, assuming constant temperature? 2. what is the temperature scale that is used in charles law? 3. convert 43 degrees celsius to kelvin. 4. 620.0 ml of air is at 25.0 °c. what is the volume at 60.0 °c?

Explanation:

Step1: Aplicar ley de Boyle

Para el primer problema, usamos la ley de Boyle ($P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$), donde $P_1 = 150$ kPa, $V_1=35$ mL y $V_2 = 15$ mL. Despejamos $P_2$:
$P_2=\frac{P_1V_1}{V_2}$

Step2: Calcular $P_2$

$P_2=\frac{150\times35}{15}=350$ kPa

Step3: Responder pregunta 2

La temperatura en la ley de Charles se expresa en Kelvin.

Step4: Convertir Celsius a Kelvin

Para convertir de Celsius a Kelvin usamos la fórmula $K = ^{\circ}C+ 273.15$. Para $43^{\circ}C$, $K=43 + 273.15=316.15$ K

Step5: Aplicar ley de Charles

Para el cuarto problema, usamos la ley de Charles $\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}$. Donde $V_1 = 620.0$ mL, $T_1=25.0 + 273.15=298.15$ K, $T_2=60.0+ 273.15 = 333.15$ K. Despejamos $V_2$:
$V_2=\frac{V_1T_2}{T_1}$

Step6: Calcular $V_2$

$V_2=\frac{620.0\times333.15}{298.15}\approx692.7$ mL

Answer:

1. 350 kPa
2. Kelvin
3. 316.15 K
4. 692.7 mL