Question

plate tectonics is compared to evolution in biology and atomic theory in chemistry because: they each provide a unifying framework for their science fields all three are laws that can never be challenged they were all discovered in the same century they are only theories without evidence

Explanation:

• Option 1: Plate tectonics (geology), evolution (biology), and atomic theory (chemistry) each offer a unifying framework. Plate tectonics explains Earth's structure/movement, evolution explains biological diversity, atomic theory explains chemical behavior. This matches the comparison.
• Option 2: Scientific theories (not laws) can be revised with new evidence, so "never be challenged" is wrong.
• Option 3: Their discovery times differ (e.g., atomic theory in 19th, evolution in 19th, plate tectonics mid-20th), so this is false.
• Option 4: All have substantial evidence (e.g., plate tectonics has seafloor spreading, evolution has fossil/genetic evidence, atomic theory has experimental evidence), so "without evidence" is wrong.

Answer:

A. They each provide a unifying framework for their science fields