Question

physical laws that govern blood flow indicate that ____ increases flow and ____ decreases flow.

• increased pressure ; increased resistance
• decreased pressure ; increased cardiac output
• higher viscosity ; decreased cardiac output
• decreased resistance ; increased diameter

56 multiple choice 2 points
functions of the respiratory system include:

• vocalization
• none of the above
• all of the above
• smell
• acid/base balance

57 multiple choice 2 points
which of the following is a function of the spleen?

• cleanses blood of aged blood cells and platelets
• removes carbon dioxide from the body
• all of the above
• secretes digestive enzymes
• none of the above

Explanation:

Analyze physical laws governing blood flow

The relationship is given by \(F = \frac{\Delta P}{R}\), where flow (\(F\)) is directly proportional to pressure gradient (\(\Delta P\)) and inversely proportional to resistance (\(R\)). Therefore, increased pressure increases flow, and increased resistance decreases flow.

Analyze functions of the respiratory system

The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange, which regulates acid/base balance via carbon dioxide elimination. It also houses olfactory receptors (smell) and produces airflow through the larynx to allow vocalization. Thus, all of the listed options are functions of the respiratory system.

Analyze functions of the spleen

The spleen acts as a blood filter; its red pulp removes old, damaged, or abnormal red blood cells and platelets from circulation. It does not remove carbon dioxide (a function of the lungs) or secrete digestive enzymes (a function of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract).

Answer:

Question 1

• increased pressure ; increased resistance (Correct answer)
• decreased pressure ; increased cardiac output
• higher viscosity ; decreased cardiac output
• decreased resistance; increased diameter

Question 2

• vocalization
• none of the above
• all of the above (Correct answer)
• smell
• acid/base balance

Question 3

• cleanses blood of aged blood cells and platelets (Correct answer)
• removes carbon dioxide from the body
• all of the above
• secretes digestive enzymes
• none of the above