Question

people who oppose labor unions believe that unions
keep more qualified workers from being hired.
create more new jobs than workers can fill.
make many businesses more competitive.
encourage employers to reduce salaries.

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option 1: Opponents of labor unions argue that unions' seniority - based systems or strict hiring/employment rules can prevent more qualified workers from being hired (e.g., a less - qualified but union - senior worker might keep a more qualified new worker from getting a job).
• Option 2: Unions generally focus on workers' rights and better conditions, not on creating more jobs than workers can fill. This is not a common anti - union argument.
• Option 3: Unions often push for higher wages and better benefits, which can increase business costs, so they are not seen as making businesses more competitive by opponents. In fact, opponents see unions as hurting competitiveness.
• Option 4: Unions typically negotiate for higher salaries, not encourage employers to reduce them. This is the opposite of what unions do.

Answer:

A. keep more qualified workers from being hired.