Question

pedro was baking cupcakes for his stepfather’s birthday. he wondered whether the volume of a cupcake would be affected by the type of flour in the batter. pedro bought three types of flour and made three batches of cupcakes—one using whole wheat flour, one using cake flour, and one using buckwheat flour—following the same recipe for each. after all the batches had baked and cooled, pedro measured the dimensions of one cupcake from each batch to calculate its volume. identify the independent variable and dependent variable in this experiment. the type of flour used the volume of the cupcakes independent variable dependent variable

Explanation:

The independent variable is what is changed in an experiment. Here, Pedro changes the type of flour. The dependent variable is what is measured and is affected by the independent variable. The volume of the cupcakes is measured and may be affected by the type of flour, so it is the dependent variable.

Answer:

Independent variable: the type of flour used
Dependent variable: the volume of the cupcakes