Question

1. \we observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom —symbolizing an end as well as a beginning— signifying renewal as well as change. for i have sworn before you and almighty god the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.\ is the speaker appealing to authority, emotion, or logic? explain what type of rhetorical device is being used in the underlined text?

Explanation:

For the first question: The speaker is appealing to authority. By mentioning "Almighty God" and the oath "our forebears prescribed", the speaker is invoking a higher power (God) and the tradition/authority of the past (forebears). This is an appeal to authority as it relies on the credibility and weight of these established entities.
For the second question: The rhetorical device used in the underlined text is parallelism. The phrases "not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom", "symbolizing an end as well as a beginning", and "signifying renewal as well as change" follow a similar grammatical structure (contrast or balance in ideas presented in a parallel form).

Answer:

1. The speaker is appealing to authority.
2. The rhetorical device is parallelism.