Question

a nurse provides care for a diverse population of clients on a busy acute medicine unit. which client is likely the most susceptible to infection? a 39 - year - old client who has been admitted because their hiv has recently developed into aids a 70 - year - old client who has been diagnosed with polycythemia (excess red blood cell production) a 27 - year - old client who was admitted in hyperglycemic crisis (high blood glucose) and who has subsequently been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes a 55 - year - old client who developed acute kidney failure because of poorly controlled diabetes

Explanation:

• The client with AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) has a severely compromised immune system due to HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacking CD4+ T - cells. This makes them highly vulnerable to a wide range of infections, including opportunistic infections.
• The 70 - year - old with polycythemia has an issue with red blood cell production. While aging can slightly increase infection risk (but not as much as a severely compromised immune system), polycythemia itself does not directly and severely suppress the immune system like AIDS.
• The 27 - year - old with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in hyperglycemic crisis: Once diabetes is managed (with insulin therapy), the immune function is not as severely and chronically suppressed as in AIDS. In the short - term hyperglycemic state, there may be some immune dysfunction (e.g., impaired neutrophil function), but it is more reversible compared to AIDS.
• The 55 - year - old with acute kidney failure due to diabetes: Kidney failure can cause some immune - related issues (e.g., uremic toxins affecting immune cells), but it is not as profound as the immune suppression seen in AIDS.

Answer:

a 39 - year - old client who has been admitted because their HIV has recently developed into AIDS